Table 4.
Comparison of speed on PCNB between PHL and TLV 22q11DS Cohorts.
| Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery (Neurocognitive Domain/Individual Tests) |
Speed1 mean, (SD) |
Cohen’s d3 | 95% CI | t | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Philadelphia | Tel Aviv | |||||
| Executive Function | ||||||
| Abstraction & Mental-Flexibility | −2526.76 (1107.87) | −2575.28 (858.23) | −0.05 | −386.98, 289.93 | −0.28 | 0.78 |
| Attention | −481.25 (63.38) | −465.98 (111.52) | 0.19 | −8.84, 39.37 | 1.25 | 0.21 |
| Working Memory | −511.30 (134.69) | −542.23 (213.85) | −0.19 | −81.27,19.41 | −1.21 | 0.23 |
| Episodic Memory | ||||||
| Face Memory | −2029.58 (639.37) | −2425.34 (1905.32) | −0.35 | −738.92, −52.60 | −2.27 | 0.02* |
| Spatial Memory | −1930.57 (586.00) | −1691.40 (580.86) | 0.41 | 61.12, 417.23 | 2.66† | 0.01* |
| Complex Cognition | ||||||
| Non-Verbal Reasoning | −6424.37 (3385.83) | −7457.06 (4440.08) | −0.28 | −2244.4, 179.00 | −1.68 | 0.09 |
| Spatial Processing | −9729.60 (3918.43) | −10756.60 (4593.70) | −0.25 | −2457.70, 403.50 | −1.42 | 0.16 |
| Social Cognition | ||||||
| Emotion Identification | −2237.26 (594.78) | −2588.21 (935.92) | −0.50 | −615.71, −86.19 | −2.64† | 0.01* |
| Emotion Differentiation | −3171.20 (1031.92) | −3065.80 (779.81) | 0.11 | −197.89, 408.73 | 0.69 | 0.49 |
| Age Differentiation | −2744.00 (1224.68) | −2853.10 (1443.17) | −0.08 | −510.07, 291.80 | −0.54 | 0.59 |
| Sensorimotor Processing | ||||||
| Motor2 | 97.99 (17.66) | 102.75 (17.75) | 0.27 | −1.01, 10.52 | 1.63 | 0.11 |
| Sensorimotor | −780.36 (231.15) | −704.24 (215.66) | 0.34 | 8.58, 143.67 | 2.23† | 0.03* |
1
Speed is calculated by multiplying the response time, a median time in milliseconds to correct response, by −1 so that higher value indicates worse performance.
2
Motor test measures a total number of spacebar-tapping in one minute.
3
Negative Cohen’s d indicates better performance in PHL compared to TLV cohort while positive d indicates better performance in TLV compared to PHL cohort.
*
p <0.05 (two-tailed), but non-significant after Bonferroni correction (i.e., p >Bonferroni corrected p of 0.004).