Table 4.
Various polymers used for the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
| Microparticle formulation | Polymer used | Size | Method | Inference | References | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | PEG-functionalized microparticles | Fluorescent chitosan, PEG and PLGA | Diameter of 3000–300 nm | Solvent evaporation technique | Fluoresceinamine-labeled-PEG-functionalized microparticles showed increased translocation through inflamed mucosa | Lautenschläger et al. (2013b) |
| 2. | Multiparticulate system | Cellulose acetate butyrate coated by Eudragit S | 60–110 μm | Emulsion solvent evaporation technique | With the use of hydrophobic polymer i.e., CAB, hydrophobic drug i.e., Ondansetron and budesonide get diffuse in the controlled manner | Rodríguez et al. (1998) |
| 3. | Eudragit coated chitosan-prednisolone conjugate microspheres | Chitosan, succinyl prednisolone, Eudragit L100 | 1.5–26.6 μm | Emulsification and evaporation method | Prednisolone loaded Ch–SP-MS/EuL reduces the toxic side-effects of drug | Oosegi et al. (2008) |
| 4. | Ethyl cellulose coated pectin alginate microspheres | Ethyl cellulose, pectin, alginate | 500–700 μm | Ionotropic-external gelation technique | Ethyl cellulose-coated pectin microspheres of 5-fluorouracil prevents the drug release in the upper part of GIT | Ramana and Krishna (2011) |
| 5. | Ethyl cellulose coated gelatine 5-Amino salicylic acid microspheres | Gelatin, ethyl cellulose | 50–400 μm | Solvent evaporation method | As gelatin is hydrophilic, coating of ethyl cellulose makes it a delayed drug delivery system in which 30% drug will release from microspheres within first 6 h, which makes it suitable for maximum drug delivery to colon | Atyabi et al. (2010) |
| 6. | Magnetic microspheres | Eudragit S100, ethyl cellulose, chitosan | 153–200 μm | Solvent evaporation technique | Magnetic microspheres | Kakar et al. (2012) |
| 7. | Biodegradable mesalamine containing microspheres | PLGA coated mesalamine microspheres | 1.15 μm | Emulsification solvent evaporation method | PLGA-mesalamine microspheres provides the controlled drug delivery as compared to suspension of the same drug, which shows effective targeted drug delivery to inflamed site in ulcerative colitis | Mahajan et al. (2011) |
| 8. | Naproxen sodium using sodium alginate and Eudragit S100 as mucoadhesive and pH-sensitive polymer | Eudragit S-100 and sodium alginate | 454.26 μm | By cross-linking with CaCl2 | Enteric coated microspheres showed a longer residence time in colon after removing its coating due to better mucoadhesion properties of sodium alginate | Chawla et al. (2012) |
| 9. | 5-Florouracil microspheres for colon delivery | Chitosan, Eudragit S 100 | 206.23 μm | Emulsion dehydration method and emulsion solvent evaporation method | Eudragit S 100 coated chitosan microspheres reduces the side-effects of drug caused by its absorption from upper part of GIT when given in conventional dosage form | Raj et al. (2013) |
| 10. | Budesonide containing microparticles | Eudragit RS/Eudragit RL 70:30 (w/w) | 110 μm | Solvent evaporation/spray drying technique | Eudragit RS shows better protection of drug from gastric acidity than those of Eudragit RS: Eudragit RL | Cortesi et al. (2012) |
| 11. | Albendazole microspheres | Eudragit RL | 220 μm | Solvent evaporation method | By using Eudragit RL, drug gets targeted to the terminal ileum and colonic regions | Jain et al. (2004) |