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. 2016 Jun 15;6:27933. doi: 10.1038/srep27933

Figure 7. Electrical conductivity and multi-functionality of composite SMPs.

Figure 7

(a) Plot of electrical conductivity dependence on CNF concentration where conductivity increases with increasing CNF concentration. (b) An electrically conductive (5.6 vol% CNF) part is shown in its as-printed or primary shape and its programmed shape. The part from (b) is connected to a power source and thermally actuated to change its shape and complete a circuit in (c) where an LED become powered and lights up after 240 s at 80 °C. (d) Thermal images obtained using an infrared camera are shown where resistive heating resulting from a power source of 20 V, 150 mA induces the shape change from the programmed shape to the printed shape after 180 s. In this case, the part continues to heat up and the shape change accelerates as the temperature increases. All scale bars are 1 cm.