Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics
| No. (%) of Patients |
||
|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Acute MI Cases (n=2316) |
Controls (n=9700) |
| Age (yrs)a | ||
| < 50 | 197 (8.5) | 869 (9.0) |
| 50–59 | 468 (20.2) | 1926 (19.9) |
| 60–69 | 666 (28.8) | 2800 (28.9) |
| 70–79 | 664 (28.7) | 2722 (28.1) |
| ≥ 80 | 321 (13.9) | 1383 (14.3) |
| Female sex | 1436 (62.0) | 6720 (69.3) |
| Race-ethnicity | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 1067 (46.1) | 3789 (39.1) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 318 (13.7) | 1788 (18.4) |
| Asian | 76 (3.3) | 279 (2.9) |
| Hispanic or Latino | 243 (10.5) | 1153 (11.9) |
| Hawaiian or Pacific Islander |
194 (8.4) | 782 (8.1) |
| Other or unknown | 418 (18.1) | 1909 (19.7) |
| Charlson comorbidity index score |
||
| 0–1 | 800 (34.5) | 5505 (56.8) |
| 2–3 | 1027 (44.3) | 3311 (34.1) |
| ≥ 4 | 489 (21.1) | 884 (9.1) |
| Medical history | ||
| Obesity | 132 (5.7) | 884 (9.1) |
| Angina pectoris | 396 (17.1) | 1276 (13.2) |
| Unstable angina | 360 (15.5) | 1148 (11.8) |
| Previous MI | 1152 (49.7) | 917 (9.5) |
| Coronary revascularization |
99 (4.3) | 338 (3.5) |
| Other coronary artery diseaseb |
975 (42.1) | 3296 (34.0) |
| Chronic heart failure | 772 (33.3) | 2819 (29.1) |
| Cardiomyopathy | 141 (6.1) | 459 (4.7) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 464 (20.0) | 2010 (20.7) |
| Hypertension | 1526 (65.9) | 6798 (70.1) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 1416 (61.1) | 5375 (55.4) |
| Smoking | 103 (4.5) | 551 (5.7) |
| Chronic pulmonary disease |
669 (28.9) | 3073 (31.7) |
| Depression | 740 (32.0) | 3411 (35.2) |
| Bipolar disorder | 28 (1.2) | 290 (3.0) |
| Dementia | 167 (7.2) | 961 (9.9) |
| Health service utilization | ||
| ≥ 1 claim for long-term care before index date |
367 (15.9) | 1761 (18.2) |
| ≥ 2 hospital stays during index year |
748 (32.3) | 2487 (25.6) |
MI = myocardial infarction.
a
Study participants were matched for age.
b
Includes a diagnosis of coronary obstruction or embolism without or not resulting in MI, arteriosclerosis, coronary insufficiency, and certain sequelae of MI not classified elsewhere.