Table 2.

Comparisons of preinstruction content assessment scores^a

Semester	Section	n	CA1 pre (± SEM)	p Value	CA2 pre (± SEM)	p Value
Fall 2012 traditional	—	47	0.57 ± 0.03	—	0.40 ± 0.02	—
Spring 2013 online	—	88	0.48 ± 0.02	0.423	0.40 ± 0.02	1.000
Fall 2012 reform	—	62	0.60 ± 0.02	0.998	0.45 ± 0.02	0.947
Spring 2013 reform	a	96	0.46 ± 0.02	0.096	0.49 ± 0.02	0.275
	b	114	0.42 ± 0.02	0.003	0.42 ± 0.01	1.000
	c	140	0.45 ± 0.01	0.021	0.43 ± 0.01	0.996
Fall 2013 reform	a	58	0.52 ± 0.03	0.971	0.44 ± 0.02	0.982
	b	72	0.47 ± 0.02	0.257	0.38 ± 0.02	1.000

^aStudent performance on preinstruction content assessment varied in different course sections. The three reform sections in Spring 2013 are labeled “a,” “b,” and “c.” The Fall 2013 reformed sections are labeled “a” and “b.” Possible score values range from 0 to 1 (1 representing 100% correct answers selected). p Value shown is a comparison with the Fall 2012 traditional section for CA1 (one-way ANOVA, F(7, 670) = 8.6, p < 0.0005, Scheffé post hoc) and CA2 (one-way ANOVA, F(7, 670) = 3.2, p = 0.003, Scheffé post hoc comparison), with significant differences (p < 0.05) shown in bold.