Fig. 5.

IC/BPS associated sulfometabolomic shifts are temporally sustained. (a) Profiling sulfoconjugated urinary molecules reveals persistent long-term IC/BPS-associated metabolic shifts. The PCA-DA plot indicates that the metabolic shifts in the IC/BPS sulfometabolome are sustained at longitudinal time points. (b) Values from the D1 loadings plot show that metabolic shifts in the urinary sulfometabolome can stratify subjects into subgroups, indicating its correlative capacity for IC/BPS. Each data point represents the average of triplicate runs.