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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jun 14.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Metab. 2016 May 19;23(6):1140–1153. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.04.016

Figure 5. Mitochondrial folate metabolism mutants are dependent upon exogenous serine and glycine.

Figure 5

a. Growth of HEK 293T and mthfd2Δ cell lines (plotted as log2[fold change in cell number]) in glycine- and serine-free media after 4 days. b. Growth of mthfd2Δ and shmt2Δ cells in serine-free media is rescued by 1 mM sodium formate. c. AICAR signal and AMP/ATP ratio after 1 h serine withdrawal in WT HEK 293T cells with and without formate (1 mM). d. Western blot of cells treated as in (c) shows phosphorylation of AMPK (T172) and ACC (S79) in response to serine withdrawal. e. Growth of mthfd2Δ and shmt2Δ cells requires glycine. f. Glutathione is depleted in mthfd2Δ and shmt2Δ cells grown without glycine. g. Growth of mthfd2Δ cells in glycine-free media is restored by addition of reduced glutathione (GSH; 250 μM) or N-acetylcysteine (NAC; 250 μM) (mean ±SD, n≥3).