Table 2.
Sample Cultural and Sociodemographic Characteristics (N = 380 Dyads)
| N | % | M | SD | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age (years) | 30.2 | 5.8 | ||
| Maternal relationship status | ||||
| Married | 194 | 51.0 | ||
| Living with partner | 94 | 24.7 | ||
| Single | 50 | 13.2 | ||
| Divorced | 6 | 1.6 | ||
| Separated | 4 | < 1 | ||
| Other/not reported | 32 | 8.4 | ||
| Maternal educational attainment | ||||
| Not completed high school | 81 | 21.3 | ||
| High school diploma/GED | 46 | 12.1 | ||
| Associate’s degree/some college | 89 | 23.4 | ||
| College degree | 74 | 19.5 | ||
| Graduate degree | 82 | 21.6 | ||
| Not reported | 8 | 2.1 | ||
| Annual household income | ||||
| < $10,000 | 51 | 13.4 | ||
| $10,000-$20,000 | 59 | 15.5 | ||
| $20,000-$35,000 | 55 | 14.5 | ||
| $35,000-$50,000 | 55 | 14.5 | ||
| $50,000-$70,000 | 20 | 5.3 | ||
| $70,000-$100,000 | 31 | 8.2 | ||
| > $100,000 | 88 | 23.2 | ||
| Not reported | 21 | 5.5 | ||
| Maternal race/ethnicity | ||||
| Hispanic | 132 | 34.7 | ||
| Black/Haitian | 116 | 30.5 | ||
| White | 107 | 28.2 | ||
| Other | 25 | 6.6 | ||
| Primary language in home | ||||
| English | 277 | 72.9 | ||
| Spanish | 80 | 21.1 | ||
| Other | 23 | 6.1 | ||
| Mother born outside U.S. | 155 | 40.8 | ||
| Maternal region of birth | ||||
| Central America | 63 | 16.6 | ||
| Caribbean | 29 | 7.6 | ||
| South America | 27 | 7.1 | ||
| Africa | 9 | 2.4 | ||
| Eastern Europe | 7 | 1.8 | ||
| Western Europe | 5 | 1.3 | ||
| South/Southeast Asia | 5 | 1.3 | ||
| East Asia | 4 | 1.1 | ||
| Canada | 4 | 1.1 | ||
| Other | 2 | 0.5 | ||
| Maternal age when moved to U.S. | ||||
| < 5 years old | 11 | 2.9 | ||
| 5 to 10 years old | 22 | 5.8 | ||
| 11 to 17 years old | 22 | 5.8 | ||
| 18 to 25 years old | 63 | 16.6 | ||
| > 25 years old | 34 | 8.9 | ||
| Not reported | 3 | 0.8 | ||
| Length of time in U.S. | ||||
| < 1 year | 6 | 1.6 | ||
| 1 to 2 years | 6 | 1.6 | ||
| 3 to 5 years | 18 | 4.7 | ||
| > 5 years | 124 | 32.6 | ||
| Not reported | 1 | 0.3 | ||
| Primiparous | 93 | 24.5 | ||
| Infant age (weeks) | 26.7 | 2.5 | ||
| Infant % male | 203 | 53.4 |