Table 3.

Key predictors of ANC attendance for at least four visits during pregnancy in Zambia – results of multivariate logistic regression (24).

Characteristic	OR	95% CI	p value	AORa	95% CI	p value
Age
15–19	1			1
20–24	1.26	(0.96–1.66)	0.096	1.1	(0.81–1.48)	0.321
25–34	1.54	(1.18–2.00)	0.001	1.3	(1.00–1.79)	0.067
35+	1.56	(1.17–2.09)	0.003	1.7	(1.14–2.21)	0.006
Education
No education	1			1
Primary	1.11	(0.89–1.39)	0.359	1.3	(0.98–1.58)	0.076
Secondary	1.17	(0.90–1.53)	0.234	1.4	(1.04–1.92)	0.017
Higher	3.04	(1.68–5.53)	<0.0001	2.8	(1.51–5.15)	0.001
First ANC visit
First trimester	1			1
Second trimester	0.19	(0.15–0.25)	<0.0001	0.2	(0.15–0.26)	<0.0001
Third trimester	0.01	(0.007–0.02)	<0.0001	0.01	(0.007–0.020)	<0.0001
Intention of pregnancy
Then	1			1
Later	0.71	(0.60–0.85)	<0.0001	0.8	(0.67–0.98)	0.027
No more	0.72	(0.59–0.88)	0.0001	0.9	(0.68–1.06)	0.158
Residence
Rural	1			1
Urban	1.1	(0.98–1.32)	0.258	1.3	(1.05–1.52)	0.015
Distance
A big problem	1
Not a problem	1.18	(1.02–1.37)	0.027
Working
No	1
Yes	1.18	(1.01–1.38)	0.037
Marital status
Not married	1
Married	0.94	(0.34–2.63)	0.907
Divorced	1.46	(0.87–2.43)	0.152
Widowed	1.38	(0.92–2.07)	0.123
Not living together	1.14	(0.65–1.98)	0.651
Parity
1	1
2 and 3	1.01	(0.82–1.25)	0.944
4+	1.02	(0.84–1.24)	0.868
Partner age
15–24	1
25–34	1.59	(1.21–2.11)	0.001
35+	1.57	(1.16–2.13)	0.003

^aThe multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for all other variables.

Bold text indicates the p values that were <0.05.