Table II. Incidence and Multiplicity of Lung Tumors in Variously Treated Neonatal H Mice.
| Treatment | Gender | No. of mice | Tumor-bearing mice | Microadenomas | Adenomas | Carcinomas | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) | Mean ± SE | No. (%) | Mean ± SE | No. (%) | Mean ± SE | No. (%) | Mean ± SE | |||
| Sham | M | 27 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| F | 25 | 1 (4.0%) | 0.05 ± 0.05 | 0 | 0 | 1 (4.0%) | 0.05 ± 0.05 | 0 | 0 | |
| M + F | 52 | 1 (1.9%) | 0.02 ± 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 1 (1.9%) | 0.02 ± 0.02 | 0 | 0 | |
| MCS* | M | 30 | 20 (66.7%) | 3.8 ± 0.76 | 13 (43.3%) | 2.3 ± 0.64 | 11 (36.7%) | 2.1 ± 0.68 | 3 (10.0%) | 0.10 ± 0.06 |
| F | 25 | 15 (60.0%) | 2.6 ± 0.72 | 9 (36.0%) | 2.2 ± 0.73 | 5 (20.0%) | 0.2 ± 0.08 | 3 (12.0%) | 0.12 ± 0.06 | |
| M + F | 55 | 35 (63.6%) | 3.3 ± 0.53 | 22 (40.0%) | 2.3 ± 0.48 | 16 (29.1%) | 1.2 ± 0.39 | 6 (10.9%) | 0.11 ± 0.04 | |
| MCS* + NAC (current smokers)** | M | 22 | 2 (9.1%)4 | 0.5 ± 0.463 | 0 (0%)4 | 03 | 2 (9.1%)2 | 0.6 ±0.462 | 1 (4.5%) | 0.05 ± 0.05 |
| F | 23 | 6 (26.1%)2 | 2.0 ± 0.80 | 2 (8.7%)2 | 0.7 ± 0.481 | 3 (13.0%) | 1.0 ± 0.61 | 0 (0%)1 | 01 | |
| M + F | 45 | 8 (17.8%)4 | 1.3 ± 0.473 | 2 (4.4%)4 | 0.3 ± 0.254 | 5 (11.1%)2 | 0.8 ± 0.38 | 1 (2.3%)1 | 0.02 ± 0.021 | |
| MCS* +Budesonide (current smokers)** | M | 43 | 10 (23.3%)4 | 1.3 ± 0.423 | 7 (16.3%)3 | 1.0 ± 0.411 | 2 (4.7%)4 | 0.2 ±0.133 | 3 (7.0%) | 0.07 ± 0.04 |
| F | 44 | 9 (20.5%)4 | 0.8 ± 0.333 | 3 (6.8%)3 | 0.5 ± 0.322 | 4 (9.1%) | 0.2 ± 0.09 | 0 (0%)2 | 02 | |
| M + F | 87 | 19 (21.8%)4 | 1.0 ± 0.274 | 10 (11.5%)4 | 0.7 ± 0.263 | 6 (6.9%)4 | 0.2 ±0.083 | 3 (3.4%)1 | 0.03 ± 0.021 | |
| MCS* + PEITC (current smokers)** | M | 21 | 4 (19.0%)4 | 1.1 ± 0.603 | 4 (19.0%)1 | 1.2 ± 0.58 | 3 (14.3%)1 | 0.6 ± 0.48 | 3 (14.3%) | 0.14 ± 0.08 |
| F | 29 | 10 (34.5%)1 | 1.4 ± 0.50 | 0 (0%)4 | 02 | 5 (17.2%) | 0.6 ± 0.37 | 2 (6.7%) | 0.07 ± 0.05 | |
| M + F | 50 | 14 (28.0%)4 | 1.3 ±0.383 | 4 (8.0%)4 | 0.5 ± 0.263 | 8 (16.0%) | 0.6 ± 0.29 | 5 (10.0%) | 0.10 ± 0.04 | |
| MCS*+ Budesonide (ex-smokers)*** | M | 31 | 8 (26.8%)3 | 0.7 ± 0.264 | 7 (22.6%)1 | 1.0 ± 0.232 | 5 (16.1%)1 | 0.4 ± 0.173 | 2 (6.5%) | 0.06 ± 0.04 |
| F | 45 | 10 (22.2%)3 | 1.1 ± 0.382 | 4 (8.9%)1 | 0.2 ± 0.163 | 5 (11.1%) | 0.7± 0.36 | 0 (0%)2 | 02 | |
| M + F | 76 | 18 (23.7%)3 | 0.9 ± 0.254 | 11 (14.5%)4 | 0.3 ± 0.124 | 10 (13.2%)2 | 0.5 ± 0.21 | 2 (2.6%)2 | 0.03 ± 0.022 | |
| MCS* + PEITC (ex-smokers)*** | M | 29 | 14 (48.3%) | 1.6 ± 0.492 | 16 (55.2%) | 1.6 ± 0.43 | 4 (13.8%)2 | 0.2 ± 0.133 | 1 (3.4%) | 0.03 ± 0.03 |
| F | 39 | 14 (35.9%)1 | 1.5 ± 0.47 | 6 (15.4%)1 | 0.8 ± 0.371 | 10 (25.6%) | 0.7 ± 0.32 | 1 (2.6%) | 0.03 ± 0.03 | |
| M + F | 68 | 28 (41.2%)2 | 1.6 ± 0.343 | 22 (32.4%) | 1.1 ± 0.292 | 14 (20.6%) | 0.5 ± 0.192 | 2 (2.9%)1 | 0.03 ± 0.02 | |
*
Exposure to MCS started immediately after birth and continued for 120 days.
**
Treatment with chemopreventive agents started after weaning (30-35 days) and continued until the end of the experiment (210 days).
***
Treatment with chemopreventive agents started after discontinuing exposure to MCS (120 days) and continued until the end of the experiment (210 days).
1
p < 0.1 (borderline to significance),
2
p < 0.05,
3
p < 0.01, and
4
p < 0.001, as compared with the corresponding MCS.