The roles of sFRP1/5 and Dkk3 in Fzl5/8-JNK-mediated ANE positioning. The percentage of embryos examined that show the representative phenotypes depicted is indicated in each panel. (A) Compared with the control (a), the expression of foxq2 is downregulated in embryos injected with lower concentrations of sfrp1/5 mRNA (0.10 μg/μl, n=81; 0.25 μg/μl, n=86) (b,c) and expands in embryos injected with higher concentrations of sfrp1/5 mRNA (0.50 μg/μl, n=77; 1.0 μg/μl, n=75) (d,e). (B) Low levels of sFRP1/5 expression rescue embryos injected with sFRP1/5 MO2 (compare a,b with e) but increasing concentrations do not (c,d). sFRP1/5 MO2 does not bind to exogenous sfrp1/5 mRNA. (C) foxq2 expression is completely eliminated in two-thirds of embryos injected with relatively low levels of sfrp1/5 mRNA (b,c compared with a). The sFRP1/5-mediated inhibition of foxq2 expression requires functional Fzl5/8 (d); the sFRP1/5-mediated inhibition of foxq2 expression requires functional JNK activity (e). (D) Dkk3 overexpression downregulates foxq2 expression (b compared with a). The Dkk3-mediated inhibition of foxq2 expression requires functional Fzl5/8 (c); the Dkk3-mediated inhibition of foxq2 expression requires functional JNK activity (d). MO, morpholino. Scale bars: 20 µm.