Table 3.

Comparison of capillary blood ketone levels and serum glucose, pH, lactate and bicarbonate levels

Variable	Ketone levels
	Ketosis (−)				Ketosis (+)
Serum glucose level (mg/dL)	0–0.5 (No)		0.6–1.5 (mild)		1.6–3.1 (moderate)		≥3.2 (severe)		Total		p
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
150–249	92	34.7	17	6.4	1	0.4	0	0	110	41.5	=0.03
≥250	119	44.9	17	6.4	11	4.2	8	3	155	58.5
Acidosis
Yes (pH<7.3)	18	6.8	6	2.3	0	0	4	1.5	28	10.6	=0.001
No (pH≥7.3)	193	72.8	28	10.6	12	4.5	4	1.5	237	89.4
Bicarbonate level (mEq/L)
<18	11	4.2	6	2.3	1	0.4	6	2.3	24	9.1	<0.001
≥18	200	75.5	28	10.6	11	4.2	2	0.8	241	90.9
Lactate level (mmol/L)
≥4	197	74.3	28	10.6	11	4.2	6	2.3	242	91.3	=0.042
<4	14	5.3	6	2.3	1	0.4	2	0.8	23	8.7

p values are results of Fisher's exact test.