Table 2.
Comparison of comorbidities between the AFL(+) and AFL(–) groups
| Total (n = 3667) n (%) | AFL (+) (n = 738) n (%) | AFL (–) (n = 2929) n (%) | Odds ratio for AFL (95% CI) | P value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hypertension | 856 (23.2) | 210 (28.5) | 646 (22.1) | 1.41 (1.17–1.70) | 0.0003 |
| Dyslipidemia | 280 (7.6) | 63 (8.5) | 217 (7.4) | 1.16 (0.85–1.57) | 0.3141 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 409 (11.1) | 104 (14.1) | 305 (10.4) | 1.42 (1.11–1.81) | 0.0048 |
| Cardiac diseases | 476 (12.9) | 157 (21.3) | 319 (10.9) | 2.22 (1.78–2.75) | <0.0001 |
| COPD | 200 (5.4) | 132 (17.9) | 68 (2.3) | 9.17 (6.70–12.6) | <0.0001 |
| Bronchial asthma | 99 (2.7) | 35 (4.7) | 64 (2.2) | 2.23 (1.42–3.46) | <0.0001 |
| Interstitial pneumonia | 192 (5.2) | 30 (4.1) | 162 (5.5) | 0.75 (0.49–1.12) | 0.1664 |
| CNS diseases | 149 (4.1) | 48 (6.5) | 101 (3.4) | 3.45 (1.34–2.81) | 0.0004 |
| Malignant diseases | 813 (22.1) | 168 (22.8) | 645 (22.0) | 1.04 (0.85–1.26) | 0.7278 |
| CVD | 110 (3.0) | 11 (1.5) | 99 (3.4) | 0.43 (0.21–0.82) | 0.0053 |
| Renal diseases | 68 (1.8) | 13 (1.8) | 55 (1.9) | 0.94 (0.47–1.75) | 1.0000 |
*Fisher’s exact test was utilized to test a statistical significance between AFL(+) and AFL(–) group. Cardiac diseases include previous myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, cardiomyopathy, valvular diseases and aortic aneurysm. Central nervous system diseases include cerebral infarction, transient ischemic attack, Parkinson’s disease and other degenerative diseases. AFL: airflow limitation; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CNS: central nervous system; CVD: collagen vascular diseases; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval