Chronic diseases |
Respiratory and pulmonary diseases (COPD, asthma, cystic fibrosis etc.) |
Heart diseases (all congenital or acquired heart conditions) |
Diabetes mellitus or any other metabolic diseases (including individuals with BMI > 30) |
Chronic renal or adrenal gland failure |
Any type of cancer (also during radio- and chemotherapy) |
Hematological diseases or hemoglobinopathies |
Congenital or acquired immunodeficiency (pharmacological, AIDS etc.) |
Chronic inflammatory bowel disease and inadequate intestinal absorption syndrome |
Chronic hepatic diseases |
Neuromuscular diseases or any disease at risk for aspiration of respiratory secretions |