Table 1.
Source overview of clinical inputs
| Clinical input | TIO | GLY |
|---|---|---|
| Transition probabilities | ||
| Cycles on treatment (year 0–4) | UPLIFT (TIO arm) | UPLIFT (TIO arm)a |
| Cycles off treatment (≥year 4) | UPLIFT (usual care arm)b | UPLIFT (usual care arm)b |
| Probabilities of exacerbations | ||
| Baseline risks of exacerbations | UPLIFT (TIO arm) | UPLIFT (TIO arm) |
| RRs | (N/A baseline applied) | SPARK RR TIO/GLYc |
Notes:
a
Several trials have shown comparable efficacy between tiotropium and glycopyrronium in terms of overall lung function (FEV1).
b
As there is little persistence in the effect of LAMAs after stopping treatment, transition probabilities were assumed to return to the placebo arm (usual care) probabilities in the cycle after stopping treatment.
c
Applied to baseline risks of exacerbations from UPLIFT (TIO arm). Adapted from Wedzicha et al19 and Hettle et al.27
Abbreviations: TIO, Tiotropium; GLY, glycopyrronium; UPLIFT, Understanding Potential Long-term Impacts on Function with Tiotropium; N/A, not applicable; RR, relative risk; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second.