Table 7.
Base case results
| Tiotropium | Glycopyrronium | Difference | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CAN | |||
| Costs (€) | |||
| Treatment costs | 1,933 | 1,554 | 380 |
| Direct costs | 20,171 | 21,174 | −1,003 |
| Total direct costs | 22,105 | 22,728 | −623 |
| Health outcomes | |||
| QALYs | 6.75 | 6.54 | 0.21 |
| Life years | 9.00 | 8.72 | 0.28 |
| ICER (€) | TIO dom | ||
| ESP | |||
| Costs (€) | |||
| Treatment costs | 1,318 | 1,255 | 63 |
| Direct costs | 39,812 | 38,809 | 1,003 |
| Total direct costs | 41,129 | 40,063 | 1,066 |
| Health outcomes | |||
| QALYs | 7.77 | 7.52 | 0.25 |
| Life years | 10.47 | 10.14 | 0.34 |
| ICER (€) | 4,281 | ||
| SWE | |||
| Costs (€) | |||
| Treatment costs | 1,898 | 1,532 | 366 |
| Direct costs | 18,171 | 18,273 | −102 |
| Total direct costs | 20,069 | 19,805 | 264 |
| Health outcomes | |||
| QALYs | 7.25 | 7.02 | 0.23 |
| Life years | 10.26 | 9.93 | 0.33 |
| ICER (€) | 1,137 | ||
| UK | |||
| Costs (€) | |||
| Treatment costs | 1,865 | 1,503 | 362 |
| Direct costs | 19,285 | 19,816 | −531 |
| Total direct costs | 21,150 | 21,319 | −169 |
| Health outcomes | |||
| QALYs | 7.37 | 7.13 | 0.23 |
| Life years | 9.82 | 9.51 | 0.31 |
| ICER (€) | TIO dom | ||
Notes: Discount rates: all costs and effects are discounted at an annual rate of CAN, 5%; ESP, 3%; SWE, 3%; and UK, 3.5%.
Abbreviations: QALYs, quality-adjusted life years; ICER, incremental cost-effectiveness ratio; CAN, Canada; ESP, Spain; SWE, Sweden; TIO dom, tiotropium dominating.