Table 3. Spectral moments of the burst (M1—M4) measured for alveolar target sounds and velar target sounds produced with and without velar fronting.
| Child | Target | mean M1 (SD) | mean M2 (SD) | mean M3 (SD) | mean M4 (SD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emma | Alveolar | 1545.56 (561.09) | 1072.65 (182.17) | 0.72 (0.83) | 0.95 (2.64) |
| Velar (accurate) | 975.84 (323.98) | 718.28 (234.98) | 2.38 (0.81) | 8.5 (6.13) | |
| Jayden | Alveolar | 1364.1 (457.05) | 953.33 (142.56) | 0.74 (0.66) | 0.35 (1.53) |
| Velar (accurate) | 788.3 (464.02) | 470.58 (199.67) | 3.66 (2.47) | 27.67 (25.07) | |
| Rory | Alveolar | 1085.41 (171.84) | 899.45 (160.12) | 1.11 (0.43) | 1.69 (2) |
| Velar (fronted) | 1121.25 (189.17) | 822.9 (170.47) | 1.14 (0.46) | 2.42 (2.06) | |
| Max, Session 1 | Alveolar | 1457.34 (463.83) | 1066.83 (203.45) | 0.63 (0.76) | 0.82 (1.11) |
| Velar (accurate) | 812.81 (437.7) | 904.4 (363.27) | 2.96 (1.5) | 12.56 (11.34) | |
| Velar (fronted) | 1192.87 (355.23) | 957.51 (209.55) | 1.14 (0.95) | 2.82 (3.19) | |
| Max, Session 2 | Alveolar | 1404.82 (571.84) | 1062.68 (285.83) | 0.89 (0.94) | 1.67 (3.53) |
| Velar (accurate) | 531.09 (161.27) | 609.84 (248.82) | 4.29 (1.68) | 26.41 (20.97) | |
| Velar (fronted) | 1696.38 (355.01) | 1210.45 (118.16) | 0.68 (0.46) | 0.1 (1.12) |