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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jun 16.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2012 Jun;14(3):241–255. doi: 10.1007/s11940-012-0172-y
Mechanism of action It is a triazole antifungal agent that inhibits fungal sterol synthesis leading to aggregation of 14 alpha-methyl sterols in the fungi, which are responsible for the fungistatic activity.
Standard dosage Most often used as step-down therapy after initial treatment with amphotericin B. But can be used as initial therapy with 400–800 mg (6–12 mg/kg) IV or orally daily. Maintenance dosage is 200 mg/day for cryptococcal meningitis but 400–800 mg/day for other CNS fungal infections until resolution of clinical and laboratory parameters. Empirical antifungal therapy: loading dose 800 mg IV or orally, followed by 400 mg (6 mg/kg) IV or orally daily.
Major side effects Prolonged QT interval and agranulocytosis are rare.
Major drug interactions Similar to voriconazole.
Special points It is a well tolerated drug that can be administered both by mouth and IV. It has good penetration into the CSF. Used as a second-line drug.