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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Matern Child Health J. 2016 Jul;20(7):1366–1374. doi: 10.1007/s10995-016-1933-0

Table I. Characteristics of participants in study at time of entry (gestational age ≤ 12 weeks).

Age at first interview (mean, SD) 30.9 SD 3.6
First pregnancy (N, %) 20 33%
Education (N, %)
 High School Diploma or GED 3 5%
 Less than 2 years college 5 8%
 Associate degree ≥ 2 years college 6 10%
 Bachelor's or 4 year degree 18 30%
 Master, Doctoral or Professional degree 29 48%
Ethnicity (N, %)
 White 46 75%
 African-American or Black 8 13%
 Hispanic or Latin American 7 12%
Own Personal Yearly Income (N, %)
 $29,000 or below 6 9.8%
 $30,000 to $49,000 17 27.9%
 $50,000 to $99,000 34 55.7%
 $100,000 or more 3 4.9%
Insurance Status (N, %)
 HMO 40 65.6%
 Private Insurance 19 31.1%
 Medicaid or state welfare 1 1.6%
 Other 1 1.6%
Marital Status (N, %)
 Married, living with spouse 49 80.3 %
 Not married, living with partner/baby's father 7 11.5%
 Not married, living on own 3 4.9%
 Unknown/Refused 2 3.3%
Smoking Status (N, %)
 No, and did not before pregnancy 52 85.2%
 No, but smoked before pregnant 7 11.5%
 Yes, one half pack per day or less 2 3.3%
Body-Mass Index (BMI) (mean, SD) 26.8 6.2
Industry Sector of current job (N, %)
 Health and Social Service 36 59%
 Professional, Scientific, Management & Administration 8 13%
 Finance and Insurance 4 7%
 Information 4 7%
 Manufacturing 3 5%
 Education 3 5%
 Other Services 2 3%
 Retail Trade 1 2%
Pregnancy Outcomes:
Baby's birth weight in grams (mean, SD) 3416 522
Gestational age at delivery in weeks (mean, SD) 39.2 2.6