Table 2. Comparison of county demographic characteristics and community characteristics and region by county-level sepsis clustering categories, 2003-2012.
| Strongly Clustereda Counties (N = 161) | Moderately Clusteredb Counties (N = 233) | Non-Clustered Counties (N = 2,714) | p-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (%)† | ||||
| Under 18 | 23.4 (22.2 – 25.0) | 23.4 (21.7 – 24.9) | 23.7 (21.8 – 25.5) | 0.05 |
| 18-29 | 14.2 (13.2 – 15.6) | 13.9 (12.4 – 15.4) | 14.0 (12.2 – 16.1) | 0.1 |
| 30-44 | 18.5 (17.4 – 19.6) | 18.1 (16.7 – 19.2) | 18.5 (16.9 – 19.9) | 0.006 |
| 45-64 | 27.2 (26.1 – 28.7) | 27.5 (26.3 – 29.2) | 27.6 (25.9 – 29.2) | 0.4 |
| 65-79 | 11.7 (10.5 – 12.9) | 11.9 (10.6 – 13.2) | 10.9 (9.2 – 12.7) | <0.001 |
| 80+ | 4.2 (3.7 – 4.7) | 4.5 (3.6 – 5.7) | 4.0 (3.2 – 5.0) | <0.001 |
| Sex (%)† | ||||
| Male | 49.0 (48.1 – 50.0) | 49.0 (48.3 – 49.8) | 49.5 (48.8 – 50.4) | <0.001 |
| Female | 51.0 (50.0 – 51.9) | 51.0 (50.2 – 51.7) | 50.5 (49.6 – 51.2) | |
| Race (%)† | ||||
| Black (non-Hispanic) | 13.4 (1.4 – 37.7) | 3.7 (0.7 – 30.7) | 1.7 (0.4 – 8.5) | <0.001 |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 76.8 (56.8 – 94.9) | 87.5 (63.1 – 95.2) | 86.5 (69.6 – 94.3) | 0.02 |
| Asian/ Pacific Islander | 0.3 (0.1 – 0.5) | 0.4 (0.2 – 0.6) | 0.6 (0.2 – 1.2) | <0.001 |
| Hispanic | 1.4 (0.8 – 2.8) | 1.8 (1.1 – 3.5) | 3.3 (1.6 – 8.6) | <0.001 |
| Other | 2.0 (1.2 – 2.8) | 2.4 (1.6 – 3.4) | 3.0 (2.0 – 4.4) | <0.001 |
| Community Characteristics | ||||
| Household Income† | 37,061 (32,342 – 43,635) | 39,574 (35.185 – 45,162) | 42,882 (37,372 – 49,383) | <0.001 |
| Value of housing units† | 85,900 (72,100 – 110,700) | 87,700 (74,400 – 123,500) | 108,850 (81,650 – 155,900) | <0.001 |
| % Completed college† | 12.8 (11.0 – 17.2) | 15.9 (11.6 – 20.2) | 17.2 (13.5 – 23.1) | <0.001 |
| % Below poverty line† | 18.4 (14.9 – 22.1) | 16.1 (11.9 – 20.3) | 13.9 (10.7 – 17.9) | <0.001 |
| % Urban† | 32.2 (12.2 – 51.2) | 35.6 (0.0 – 58.5) | 41.6 (14.4 – 67.8) | <0.001 |
| Population density†** | 43.3 (29.0 – 84.1) | 44.2 (22.6 – 97.7) | 45.7 (16.3 – 120.5) | 0.7 |
| PCP۠ | 5.5 (2.3Р14.9) | 6.2 (2.0 Р24.2) | 5.2 (1.4 Р19.8) | 0.3 |
| Hospitals۠ | 0.7 (0.1 Р1.4) | 0.7 (0.1 Р1.8) | 0.4 (0.1 Р1.3) | 0.01 |
| Beds۠ | 31.0 (3.3 Р92.9) | 37.8 (5.7 Р118.7) | 23.7 (3.2 Р103.2) | 0.2 |
| Medical Doctors۠ | 9.5 (3.2Р24.7) | 8.8 (2.3 Р46.8) | 8.7 (2.0 Р42.1) | 0.5 |
| % Without insurance coverage† | 20.3 (17.7 – 23.1) | 18.9 (16.3 – 22.1) | 17.9 (14.1 – 21.8) | <0.001 |
| Unemployment rate† | 0.05 (0.04 – 0.06) | 0.05 (0.03 – 0.06) | 0.04 (0.03 – 0.05) | 0.01 |
| Region (%)*** | ||||
| Midwest | 12 (7.5) | 71 (30.5) | 972 (35.8) | <0.001 |
| Northeast | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.9) | 215 (7.9) | |
| South | 149 (92.6) | 160 (68.7) | 1,113 (41.0) | |
| West | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 414 (15.3) |
a
Defined as counties estimated as high risk by all definitions (LISA, EB, & Gi*)
b
Defined as counties estimated as high risk by two of three definitions.
†
Median (IQR)
€
Ratio per 100,000 persons
*
Significance determined using Kruskal-Wallis or Chi-Square test.
**
Persons per square mile.
***
US regions as determined by the U.S. Census Bureau