Table 2.

Community-wide initiatives reporting on physical activity among Native youth (n=13 unique initiatives; 16 articles)

Community-Wide Initiatives Geographic Setting	Brief Description
Chokka-Chaffa’ Kilimpi’, Chikashshiyaakni’ Kilimpi’58	Conducted qualitative study to understand the meaning of health and well-being for Chickasaw families. Reported how traditional and contemporary contexts influenced participants’ responses.
Chickasaw Nation, south central Oklahoma
Communities Putting Prevention to Work50	Provided training support through a workshop for analyzing, writing, and publishing Communities Putting Prevention to Work initiative findings. Reported participants viewed the workshop positively and one tribe has submitted a manuscript for publication.
Multiple study regions three tribes
Community Based Participatory Research Program Evaluation and Development Project59	Created a community advisory board and developed an exercise survey to assess physical activity patterns, preferences, and determinants. Reported youth distinguished between sports and exercise with each possessing different determinants. Youth identified common motivators including friends, coach, and school. Barriers discussed included lack of programs and school or work. None of the youth reported meeting the recommended 60 minutes of strenuous exercise daily.
Rural tribal reservation in Washington
Community Coalitions54	Described how community coalitions were formed, implemented, and maintained to teach culturally appropriate fitness activities to groups of community members. Reported how successful institutionalization of community events by tribal governments and American Indian agencies resulted in ongoing support in various communities for events that promote physical activity.
Four rural and three urban tribal communities including multiple Rancheria and an Indian reservation in Northern California
Community Readiness Model56	Used a Community Readiness Model to assess and engage the community in addressing cardiovascular disease. Reported how using this model enabled the Choctaw Nation to make strong “inroads” into its respective service area through successful community engagement.
Choctaw Nation, south central Oklahoma
Health Impact Assessment55	Described application of Health Impact Assessment to inform trail decisions affecting Cuba. Reported how assessment recommendations were being integrated into the public lands National Environmental Policy Act process for planning access to a new segment of the Continental Divide National Scenic Trail.
Cuba, New Mexico (rural, under-resourced, American Indian, Hispanic and Anglo community)
Healthy Native North Carolinians Network17,125	Informed by the American Indian Healthy Eating Project, Healthy Native North Carolinians provides direct support to participating tribal communities to develop, implement, evaluate, disseminate, and sustain community changes that promote active living and healthy eating.
Seven American Indian tribes and four urban Indian organizations in North Carolina
Jemez Pueblo13	Used participatory research to uncover sociocultural and environmental factors that indicate capacity for improving health including developing a tribal advisory committee, conducting focus groups, and interviewing key informants. Reported how built environment decisions are dominated by traditional connections to the natural environment and culture.
Pueblo of Jemez in rural New Mexico
Physical Activity Kit51	Described the implementation of an across-the-lifespan train-the-trainer program that has trained more than 600 trainers in American Indian communities nationwide.
Multiple study regions
Pieiryaratgun Calritllerkaq (Healthy Living Through a Healthy Lifestyle)52	Through a community-academic collaboration, project worked to use strategic planning and organizational development principles for health promotion; specifically working to develop goals, objectives, action and evaluation plans that integrated local traditions, Yup’ik culture, and research. Reported that physical activity was one of the focal areas.
Yup’ik village in rural Alaska
SNAP-Ed Social Marketing Program57	Conducted formative research to identify Indigenous views of product, promotion, price, and place related to SNAP-Ed behavioral objectives. Reported major theme for product was diabetes prevention and participants indicated a preference for family-based education with promotion by elders, tribal leaders, and “everyday people”.
Chickasaw Nation, south central Oklahoma
Steps to a HealthierUS49,126,127	Enabled funded communities to implement chronic disease prevention and health promotion efforts to reduce the burden of diabetes, obesity, asthma, and related risk factors. Found tribal communities were successfully able to tailor intervention to their specific cultural and community needs.
Multiple study regions
Tool for Health and Resilience in Vulnerable Environments53	Conducted a community assessment, along with digital storytelling through a series of focus groups to identify and address upstream causes of food security on the reservation. Reported how tribal council and the health clinic wrote a grant to create a place for Native community members to engage in physical activity. The proposed walking and bike path would include culturally appropriate art and educational exhibits designed by Native American community members. The health clinic also created ‘Bike Wednesdays’ featuring group rides and free bike repair.
Round Valley, California (rural reservation, geographically isolated community located within a dense mountain range in Mendocino County in Northern California)