Table 1.

Some of the different risk estimation tools available with their relevant risk factor variables.

	JBS2	QRISK2	ASSIGN	JES5a	WHO	QRISK Lifetime
Data	Based on FHS and Framingham Offspring Study	QRESEARCH database	SHHEC prospective study	12 pooled prospective studies from 11 European countries	Different method not based on prospective data	QRESEARCH database
Population and sample type	General population, Framingham Mass, U.S. Volunteers	Health records of general practice attendees-not random	Random sample from general population in Scotland	Random samples from general population, some occupational cohorts	Not applicable	Health records of general practice attendees-not random
Sample size	3969 men 4522 women	2.29 million	6540 men 6757 women	117,098 men 88,080 women	Not applicable	2.29 million
Calculates	10-year risk of CVD events, risk age	10-year risk of CHD, stroke and TIA	10-year risk of CVD events	10-yr risk of CVD mortality	10-year risk of CVD events	CVD risk over a person's remaining lifetime
Age (years)	30–75	30–84	30–74	40–65	20–75	30–84
Variables	Age, sex, SBP, DBP, TC, HDL, TC/HDL, TG, smoking, glucose, central obesity, S.A origin, FHx, LVH	Sex, age, TC/HDL, SBP, smoking status, diabetes, area-based index of deprivation, family history, BMI, anti-hypertensive treatment, CKD, AF, RA	Current age, gender, FHx, diabetes, cigarettes smoked daily, SBP, TC, HDL, Scottish postcode	Age, gender, smoking, SBP, TC, HDL	Age, gender, smoking, SBP ± TC, diabetes	Sex, age, TC/HDL, SBP, smoking status, diabetes, area-based index of deprivation, family history, BMI, anti-hypertensive treatment, previous CVD, CKD, AF, RA
Formats	Color charts, online calculator	Online calculator	Online calculator	Color-coded charts, Heart Score-online and CD electronic versions	Color-coded charts	Online calculator
Guidelines that recommend its use	JBS2	NICE guidelines on lipid modification	SIGN	European guidelines on CVD prevention	WHO guidelines on CVD prevention	JBS3 calculator (not yet published)

AF, atrial fibrillation; BP, blood pressure; CHD, coronary heart disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease (heart attack, angina, stroke or transient ischemic attack); DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FHS, Framingham Heart Study; FHx, family history of premature CVD; HDL, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; JBS, Joint British Societies; LDL, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; NICE, National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence; S.A origin, South Asian origin; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SHHEC, Scottish Heart Health Extended Cohort; SIGN, Scottish Intercollegiate Network; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; TIA, transient ischemic attack.

^aThe total risk is for fatal CVD.

Adapted from: Cooney et al. (2009).³²