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. 2015 Dec 1;9(3):175–181. doi: 10.1016/j.optom.2015.10.004

Table 1.

Rolando's Classification for Tear Ferning.

Classification Descriptions
Type 1 Uniform arborisation in the entire field of observation without spaces between the ferns. Single ferns are big and closely branched.
Type 2 Arborisation is abundant, but the single ferns are smaller and have a lower frequency of branching than in grade 1; empty spaces appear between the ferns.
Type 3 Single ferns are little and incompletely formed with rare or no branching.
Type 4 No ferning is present; mucus may appear in clusters and threads.