Table 3.
Factors associated with 30-d mortality among patients hospitalized for acute decompensation of cirrhosis n (%)
| Survivors (n = 143) | Deaths (n = 46) | P value | |
| Age (yr), mean ± SD | 53.61 ± 11.54 | 53.49 ± 11.75 | 0.952 |
| Male gender | 101 (70.6) | 37 (80.4) | 0.192 |
| Etiology of cirrhosis | |||
| Alcohol | 47 (32.9) | 21 (49.7) | 0.116 |
| Hepatitis C | 61 (42.7) | 17 (37.0) | 0.495 |
| Hepatitis B | 6 (4.2) | 2 (4.3) | 1.000 |
| Cryptogenic | 14 (9.8) | 1 (2.2) | 0.123 |
| Other | 15 (10.5) | 5 (10.9) | 1.000 |
| Previous decompensation | 88 (61.5) | 32 (69.6) | 0.325 |
| Active alcoholism | 45 (31.5) | 23 (50.0) | 0.023 |
| Complication at evaluation | |||
| Ascites | 57 (39.9) | 35 (76.1) | < 0.001 |
| Hepatic encephalopathy | 73 (51.0) | 39 (84.8) | < 0.001 |
| Gastrointestinal bleeding | 81 (56.6) | 18 (39.1) | 0.039 |
| Bacterial infection | 28 (19.6) | 22 (48.9) | < 0.001 |
| ACLF | 16 (11.2) | 29 (63.0) | < 0.001 |
| Laboratory data | |||
| Leucocyte count (× 109), median | 6.59 | 8.46 | 0.005 |
| Sodium (meq/L), median | 136.00 | 134.00 | 0.011 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL), median | 1.00 | 1.80 | < 0.001 |
| INR, median | 1.38 | 1.60 | < 0.001 |
| Albumin (g/dL), mean ± SD | 2.47 ± 0.70 | 1.98 ± 0.51 | < 0.001 |
| CRP (mg/L), median | 8.40 | 24.8 | 0.002 |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL), median | 1.51 | 3.10 | < 0.001 |
| IGFBP-3 (mcg/mL), median | 1.05 | 0.63 | < 0.001 |
| Child-Pugh C | 41 (28.7) | 34 (73.9) | < 0.001 |
| MELD score, mean ± SD | 14.35 ± 5.00 | 22.44 ± 6.95 | < 0.001 |
| Vital signs | |||
| MAP (mmHg), mean ± SD | 85.11 ± (13.95) | 80.33 ± (15.27) | 0.053 |
| Heart rate (BPM), mean ± SD | 81.27 ± 19.19 | 88.66 ± 16.40 | 0.022 |
| SpO2/FiO2 ratio, median | 461.9 | 442.86 | < 0.001 |
INR: International normalized ratio; CRP: C-reactive protein; IGFBP-3: Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; MAP: Mean arterial pressure; SpO2/FiO2: Oxygen saturation to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio; ACLF: Acute-on-chronic liver failure.