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. 2016 Jun 17;6:28340. doi: 10.1038/srep28340

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Copyright © 2016, Macmillan Publishers Limited

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(A) Experimental design of CAIA and rTMD1 treatment (1 mg/kg). (B) The front paws of CAIA mice with and without rTMD1 treatment. (C) Paw thickness. (D) Arthritis score. (E) Results of HMGB1 serum levels in mouse with or without rTMD1 treatment. (F) Quantitative results of BV/TV. (G) Quantitative results of Tb. N. n = 3. Student’s t-test (E–G). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. (H) A schematic model of myeloid TM in osteoclastogenesis and inflammatory bone loss. During osteoclastogenesis, RANKL reduced TM expression and promoted extracellular HMGB1 secretion in monocytes, which resulted in the enhancement of bone resorption and bone loss. In addition, rTMD1 treatment could inhibit HMGB1 secretion, bone resorption, and bone loss.