Table 3.

Multivariable association between predicted 25(OH)D score components and tooth loss^* among 42 730 men participating in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, USA, 1986–2006

Variable	HR†	95 % CI	P value	P value for trend
UV-B flux (J/cm2)
<461 (ref.)	1·00	–		<0·0001
461–<628	0·93	0·90, 0·97	0·001
≥628	0·86	0·82, 0·90	<0·0001
BMI (kg/m2)
<22·0 (ref.)	1·00	–		<0·0001
22·0–24·9	0·99	0·92, 1·05	0·68
25·0–29·9	1·10	1·03, 1·18	<0·01
30·0–34·9	1·28	1·18, 1·39	<0·0001
≥35·0	1·58	1·39, 1·79	<0·0001
Physical activity (MET/week)
Q5 (ref.)	1·00	–		0·01
Q4	0·99	0·93, 1·04	0·62
Q3	0·99	0·93, 1·04	0·63
Q2	1·02	0·96, 1·07	0·59
Q1	1·07	1·01, 1·13	0·03
Race
Caucasian (ref.)	1·00	–
African American	1·17	0·98, 1·40	0·08
Asian	1·21	1·06, 1·38	0·004
Other	0·99	0·90, 1·09	0·85
Vitamin D from food (μg/d)
≥10·00 (ref.)	1·00	–		0·98
7·50–9·99	0·94	0·89, 1·00	0·05
5·00–7·49	0·95	0·90, 1·00	0·05
2·50–4·99	0·98	0·93, 1·04	0·56
<2·50	0·97	0·89, 1·04	0·39
Vitamin D from supplements (μg/d)
≥10·00 (ref.)	1·00	–		0·20
5·00–9·99	0·92	0·87, 0·98	0·01
0·025–4·99	0·91	0·85, 0·97	0·003
0	0·96	0·90, 1·02	0·19

25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D; HR, hazard ratio; Q5–Q1, quintile 5–quintile 1; ref., reference category; MET, metabolic equivalents.

^*Predicted 25(OH)D score not included in model.

^†Model adjusted for all predictor score covariates presented in the model including smoking (CSI, comprehensive smoking index), pipe (yes/no), chewing tobacco (yes/no), multivitamin use (yes/no), vitamin E (quintiles), vitamin C (quintiles), dental profession (dentist/non-dentist), alcohol consumption (0, 0·1–4·9, 5·0–14·9, 15·0–29·9, ≥30·0 g/d), routine physical examination (yes/no) and diabetes (yes/no).