Fig. 8.

Fermentative capacity and expression levels of glycolytic genes in S. cerevisiae at near-zero growth rates. a Fermentative capacity, measured off-line as the specific rate of ethanol formation upon exposure of anaerobic cell suspensions to excess glucose. Fermentative capacity assays were performed on independent duplicate retentostat cultures, sampled at different time points. The open symbol corresponds to data from [28]. b Log2 average-normalized gene expression of HXK2, FBA1, PGK1, GPM1, ENO1, ENO2, PYK1, and PDC1 during retentostat cultivation, plotted as a function of specific growth rate (see “Methods” section)