Table 1.
Baseline Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Study Population
| Variable | Bipolar Disorder (n = 18) | Major Depressive Disorder (n=13) | Healthy Control (n = 20) | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
| Age (years) | 16.0 | 2.1 | 14.8 | 1.7 | 16.6 | 2.2 | .05 |
| Education, years completed | 9.2 | 2.2 | 8.5 | 2.3 | 10.6 | 2.3 | .03 |
| Body Mass Index, kg/m2 | 23.0 | 4.1 | 22.4 | 4.4 | 22.6 | 3.8 | .92 |
| YMRS | 11.4 | 8.4 | 10.2 | 5.4 | -- | -- | .64 |
| CDRS-R | 40.9 | 14.2 | 44.2 | 18.1 | -- | -- | .58 |
| Number (%) | |||||||
| Female | 10 | 55.6 | 8 | 61.5 | 16 | 80.0 | .25 |
| Hispanic | 2 | 11.1 | 3 | 23.1 | 6 | 30.0 | .36 |
| Asian American | 4 | 22.2 | 2 | 15.4 | 3 | 15.0 | -- |
| African American | 2 | 11.1 | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 15.0 | -- |
| Native American | 1 | 5.6 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 5.0 | -- |
| Mixed Race | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 4 | 20.0 | -- |
| ADHD | 4 | 22.2 | 4 | 30.8 | -- | -- | .59 |
| Anxiety disorders | 2 | 11.1 | 29 | 38.5 | -- | -- | .07 |
| Mood stabilizer | 11 | 61.1 | 2 | 15.4 | -- | -- | .01 |
| Antipsychotic | 11 | 61.1 | 2 | 15.4 | -- | -- | .01 |
| Antidepressant | 5 | 27.8 | 10 | 76.9 | -- | -- | .01 |
| Stimulant | 4 | 22.2 | 4 | 30.8 | -- | -- | .59 |
1
Notes: YMRS = Young Mania Rating Scale; CDRS-R = Children’s Depression Rating Scale, Revised; ADHD = attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. P-values are based on F or χ2 statistics comparing means or frequencies across groups. The YMRS and CDRS-R were not administered to the healthy control participants. Comorbid disorders that were present in fewer than 4 participants are not listed.