Table 6.

Rejection of DF, E2, and EE2 by membrane filtration

Compound	Membrane type	Rejection (%)a	Reference
Diclofenac	NF	100	Radjenović et al. (2009)
	RO	100	Radjenović et al. (2009)
	NF	60	Röhricht et al. (2009)
	NF	65	Röhricht et al. (2010)
	MBR/RO	95	Sahar et al. (2011)
E2	RO	83	Kimura et al. (2007a, b)
	NF/RO	90	Nghiem et al. (2005)
	NF	>99	Weber et al. (2004)
	NF	>95	Yoon et al. (2007)
	RO/NF	High	Drewes et al. (2005)
	NF	77	Bodzek and Dudziak (2006)
	DCMD	≥99.5	Cartinella et al. (2006)
	NF	100	Koyuncu et al. (2008)
	NF/RF	100	Alturki et al. (2010)
	NF	100	McCallum et al. (2008)
EE2	NF	>99	Weber et al. (2004)
	NF	90	Dudziak and Bodzek (2009)
	NF	60	Yoon et al. (2007)
	NF/RO	99	Alturki et al. (2010)

NF nanofiltration, RO reverse osmosis, MBR membrane bioreactor, DCMD direct contact membrane distillation

^aUnder optimal conditions