Table 1.
Examples of Class I (direct) serum non-invasive biomarkers for liver fibrosis.
| References | References | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Metalloproteinases (MMPs) | Murawaki et al., 1999; Walsh et al., 1999 | Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β | Flisiak et al., 2002 |
| Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) | Walsh et al., 1999 | Microfibril-associated protein 4 (MFAP4) | Molleken et al., 2009 |
| Hyaluronic acid (HA) | Guechot et al., 1996 | N Glycans- profiles | Molleken et al., 2009 |
| Laminin | Korner et al., 1996 | Procollagen type III amino-terminal peptide (PIIINP) | Guechot et al., 1996 |
| Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1 or YKL-40) | Berres et al., 2009 | ||
| Collagen IV, VI | Shahin et al., 1992; Yabu et al., 1994; George et al., 1999 |