Table 2.
Determinants of small size babies by selected maternal socio-demographic characteristics, in Ethiopia, EDHS 2011
| Baby Size at Birth | ||||
| Socio-demographic Characteristic |
Small No(%) |
Non- Small No(%) |
Crude OR (95%CI) |
Adjusted OR (95%CI) |
| Maternal Age | ||||
| 15 – 19 | 182 (37) | 310 (63) | 1 | 1 |
| 20 – 24 | 782 (33.8) | 1544 (66.2) | 0.94(0.83, 1.05) | 0.94 (0.76, 1.16) |
| 25 – 29 | 1042 (27.5) | 2743 (72.5) | 0.78(0.70, 0.88) | 0.70 (0.57, 0.86)* |
| 30 – 34 | 626 (26.8) | 1710 (73.2) | 0.78(0.71, 0.88) | 0.64 (0.52, 0.79)* |
| 35 – 39 | 526 (28.9) | 1292 (71.1) | 0.78 (0.69, 0.89) | 0.72 (0.58, 0.79)* |
| 40 – 44 | 227 (29.4) | 546 (70.6) | 0.85 (0.74, 0.94) | 0.68 (0.53, 0.87)* |
| 45 – 49 | 73 (26.8) | 199 (73.2) | 0.90 (0.76, 1.07) | 0.62 (0.44, 0.86)* |
| Residence | ||||
| Urban | 367 (24.3) | 1146 (75.7) | 1 | 1 |
| Rural | 3101 (30.1) | 7207 (69.9) | 1.43 (1.32, 1.55) | 1.32 (1.13, 1.54)* |
| Region | ||||
| Tigray | 240 (32) | 510 (68) | 1 | 1 |
| Afar | 49 (40.5) | 72 (59.5) | 1.65 (1.32, 2.06) | 0.90(0.62, 1.32) |
| Amhara | 1067 (40.4) | 1574 (59.6) | 1.19 (1.08, 1.32) | 1.20(0.72, 1.98) |
| Oromia | 1301 (26.1) | 3691 (73.9) | 0.75 (0.68, 0.82) | 1.23 (0.86, 1.76) |
| Somali | 121 (33.2) | 243 (66.8) | 0.79 (0.67, 0.94) | 0.67 (0.47, 0.95)* |
| Beng. Gumuz | 34 (24.5) | 105 (75.5) | 0.78 (0.61, 1.08) | 1.00 ( 0.67, 1.53) |
| SNNPR | 568 (22.8) | 1920 (77.2) | 0.65 (0.59, 0.73) | 0.63 (0.37, 1.07) |
| Gambella | 13 (32.5) | 27 (67.5) | 0.72 (0.46, 1.13) | 0.58 (0.40, 0.83)* |
| Hareri | 8 (28.6) | 20 (71.4) | 0.70 (0.42, 1.17) | 1.03 (0.46, 2.32) |
| Addis Ababa | 55 (25.1) | 164 (74.9) | 0.63 (0.51, 0.78) | 0.86 (0.35, 2.12) |
| Dire Dawa | 11 (28.9) | 27 (71.1) | 0.69 (0.45, 1.06) | 0.87 ( 0.39, 1.94) |
| Maternal Educ. Status | ||||
| No Education | 2585 (31.6) | 5603 (68.4) | 1 | 1 |
| Prim. Education | 796 (24.8) | 2419 (75.2) | 0.75 (0.71, 0.80) | 0.95 (0.83, 1.08) |
| Sec. Education | 62 (23.6) | 201 (76.4) | 0.57 (0.49, 0.65) | 1.04 (0.71 , 1.52) |
| Higher Education | 26 (15.8) | 139 (84.2) | 0.42 (0.29, 0.59) | 0.76 (0.48, 1.27) |
| Maternal Literacy level | ||||
| Can't read/write | 2849 (31) | 6384 (69) | 1 | 1 |
| R & W (partial) | 255 (23.7) | 819 (76.3) | 0.82 (0.75, 0.89) | 0.81 (0.68, 0.94)* |
| R & W (Fully) | 326 (23.5) | 1064 (76.5) | 0.68 (0.63, 0.74) | 0.78 (0.64, 0.95)* |
| Wealth Index | ||||
| Poorest (Q1) | 938 (34.7) | 1762 (65.3) | 1 | 1 |
| Poor (Q2) | 774 (29.3) | 1866 (70.7) | 0.78 (0.69, 0.87) | 0.65 (0.34, 0.04)* |
| Average (Q3) | 778 (32) | 1655 (68) | 0.88 (0.78, 0.99) | 0.35 (0.09, 0.65)* |
| Rich (Q4) | 581 (25.7) | 1684 (74.3) | 0.65 (0.57, 0.73) | 0.58 (0.27, 0.95)* |
| Richest (Q5) | 397 (22.3) | 1386 (77.7) | 0.54 (0.47, 0.62) | 0.22 (0.00, 0.50* |
| Total | 3468 (29.3) | 8353 (70.7) | ||
**statistically significant ( P < 0.001)