Figure 5. Correlation of the model scores with pathology scores and plasma levels of immune mediators relevant in sepsis and SIRS.

The model scores that combine the top-6 CIR-miRNA measurements in Severe SIRS and Severe Sepsis patients were plotted against (A) the pathology score (SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment); (B) current biomarkers of sepsis and inflammation, CRP (C-reactive protein) and PSP (pancreatic soluble protein); and (C) inflammatory cytokines, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1. Correlation trends are shown with the linear regression model including Spearman rho and the significances of the correlations. Negative scores -typical of sepsis patients with lower plasma CIR-miRNAs (as in Fig. 4)- correspond to individuals with increased levels of inflammatory mediators. Positive scores -more often seen in SIRS patients and reflective of high plasma CIR-miRNAs- are found in individuals with low levels of inflammatory cytokines. Thus, CIR-miRNA levels negatively correlate with pro-inflammatory cytokines critical in systemic inflammatory conditions.