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. 2016 May 25;22(11-12):840–849. doi: 10.1089/ten.tea.2015.0230

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Copyright 2016, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.

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FIG. 1. — Induction of osteoporosis in sheep. (A) Timeline of osteoporosis induction in sheep. Osteoporosis was induced by combination of treatment with ovariectomy, steroid injection, and low calcium/low vitamin D diet. Pre- and postinduction DXA scans were performed. Postimplantation of rhNELL-1 treatment materials, DXA scans were performed monthly until sacrifice at 3 months, after which microCT, histological analysis, and finite element analysis (FEA) were performed. (B,C) DXA imaging performed postinduction showed a significant decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) within the sheep lumbar spine from 0 to 4 months. Data derived from n = 6 with sheep most responsive to osteoporotic induction used for subsequent experimentation, with n = 8 sheep in total. DXA, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; microCT, micro-computed tomography; rhNELL-1, recombinant human NELL-1. **P < 0.01.