BMD quantification in sheep lumbar vertebrae. DXA Scans were performed at 1, 2, and 3 months after vertebral implantation. Quantification of BMD between control, rhNELL-1 (0.9 mg), and rhNELL-1 (2.25 mg) groups was performed. DXA scans showed a significant increase in BMD with rhNELL-1-based implantation in comparison to control treatment. n = 3 lumbar vertebrae per dose rhNELL-1, n = 6 control-treated lumbar vertebrae. n = 6 sheep in total. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 in comparison to control at corresponding time point. Color images available online at www.liebertpub.com/tea