Table 1.
Study sample demographic characteristics, comorbid conditions or events, and estimated CVD risk, stratified by circulating GDF11 levels.
| GDF11 Level | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 220-400 pg/ml (n=35) |
401-500 pg/ml (n=33) |
501-841 pg/ml (n=28) |
||
| Characteristic | Mean (±SD) or Number (%) | p-value | ||
| Sex | 0.3571 | |||
| Female | 12 (34.3%) | 17 (51.5%) | 12 (42.9%) | |
| Male | 23 (65.7%) | 16 (48.5%) | 16 (57.1%) | |
| Age in years | 79.1 (8.1) | 80.8 (7.5) | 82.2 (6.2) | 0.2682 |
| Weight in kilograms | 91.3 (24.5) | 80.6 (18.3) | 82.8 (12.9) | 0.0662 |
| Height in centimeters | 169.3 (12.2) | 163.8 (10.1) | 166.6 (10.6) | 0.1272 |
| BMI | 31.7 (7.4) | 29.9 (6.0) | 30.0 (5.3) | 0.4702 |
| Comorbid condition or event | ||||
| Diabetes | 5 (14.3%) | 9 (27.3%) | 13 (46.4%) | 0.0191 |
| Hypertension | 31 (88.6%) | 30 (90.9%) | 25 (89.3%) | 0.9501 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 24 (68.6%) | 22 (66.7%) | 20 (71.4%) | 0.9231 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 12 (34.3%) | 16 (48.5%) | 11 (39.3%) | 0.4851 |
| Previous stroke | 3 (8.6%) | 1 (3.0%) | 5 (17.9%) | 0.1381 |
| Previous percutaneous coronary angioplasty | 7 (20.0%) | 13 (39.4%) | 13 (46.4%) | 0.0681 |
| Previous coronary artery bypass | 5 (14.3%) | 10 (30.3%) | 12 (42.9%) | 0.0411 |
| Atrial fibrillation or flutter | 9 (25.7%) | 9 (27.3%) | 10 (35.7%) | 0.6571 |
| Previous pacemaker | 2 (5.7%) | 1 (3.0%) | 4 (14.3%) | 0.2191 |
| Any prior cardiac condition | 14 (40.0%) | 22 (66.7%) | 20 (71.4%) | 0.0211 |
| CVD classification or risk | ||||
| NYHA classification | 2.5 (0.7) | 2.7 (0.6) | 3.0 (0.7) | 0.0422 |
| STS predicted risk of mortality (%) | 5.7 (3.1) | 7.1 (4.2) | 8.3 (3.8) | 0.0442 |
1
Chi-Square
2
ANOVA F-test