Table 2.

Myocardial injury in cardiac and noncardiac diseases in dogs

Species	Cardiac disease	Noncardiac disease*	cTnI measured	cTnT measured
Dog	SAS		71
	PS		107
	MMVD		49, 58, 71, 72, 73, 74, 108, 109, 110, 111	109
	DCM		49, 71, 75, 83, 108, 112, 113	112, 114, 115
	ARVC		71, 79, 116
	Myocarditis		117
	Dirofilariasis		118, 119, 120	118
	Cardiac hemangiosarcoma		121
	Pericardial effusion		39, 49, 122	39
		Pancreatitis	52
		Pyometra	123, 124
		Parvoviral enteritis	125, 126
		Leptospirosis	127
		Leishmaniasis	128, 129
		Babesiosis	130, 131	130
		Erhlichiosis	132
		Systemic inflammation	63	63
		SIRS	133
		Meningitis‐arteritis	134, 135
		IMHA	136
		Anemia	52
		Neoplasia (mixed)	52, 121, 137	115
		Lymphoma	52
		Meningioma	138
		Hemangiosarcoma	121
		Respiratory disease	52, 139
		Brachycephalic syndrome	140
		Hypoadrenocorticism	52
		Hyperadrenocorticism	52
		Snake envenomation	141, 142, 143	143
		Heatstroke	144
		GDV	145, 146	146, 147

cTnI, Cardiac troponin I; cTnT, Cardiac troponin T; SAS, Subaortic stenosis; PS, Pulmonic stenosis; MMVD, Myxomatous mitral valve disease; DCM, Dilated cardiomyopathy; ARVC, Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy; HCM, Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; IMHA, Immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia; GDV, Gastric dilatation‐volvulus; SIRS, Systemic inflammatory response syndrome.

*NB: Not all studies in the noncardiac disease group have ruled out primary cardiac disease as a cause of myocardial injury.