Figure 2.

Typical and atypical neuroimaging findings of PBS. (a–d) Typical neuroimaging findings of PBS as seen in 16 patients. (a) Midsagittal T1-, (b, c) axial T2- and (d) coronal T2-weighted magnetic resonance images of patient 10 at the age of 1 year and 5 months show an enlarged, elongated and square-like formed fourth ventricle (asterisk), dysplasia and multiple cortical-subcortical cysts within the cerebellar vermis and both cerebellar hemispheres, and splayed superior cerebellar peduncles (arrows). (e–h) Atypical neuroimaging findings of PBS as seen in two patients. (e) Midsagittal and (f) coronal T2-weighted magnetic resonance images of patient 7 at the age of 8 years and 4 months show mild cerebellar dysplasia involving the inferior parts of the cerebellum, small cysts within the right cerebellar hemisphere (arrow) and vermis (arrowhead), and a normal, triangular shape of the fourth ventricle. (g) Axial and (h) coronal T2-weighted images of patient 18 at the age of 14 years show a global cerebellar dysplasia without cysts, but a slit that is isointense to cerebrospinal fluid and is located within the bilateral cerebellar hemispheres laterally to the middle cerebellar peduncles (arrows). In addition, the superior cerebellar peduncles are only mildly splayed.