Table 1.

Clinical Characteristics and Vascular Function

	Control (n=41)	Diabetic (n=45)
Clinical characteristics
Age (yrs)	52±8	54±11
Female sex, n (%)	24 (59%)	27 (60%)
Black race, n (%)	15 (37%)	26 (58%)*
Body mass index, kg/m2	28.9±5.2	34.3±7.4*
Total cholesterol, mg/dL	196±37	180±39*
LDL cholesterol, mg/dL	124±31	104±36*
HDL cholesterol, mg/dL	49±14	43±11*
Triglycerides, mg/dL	117±60	174±120*
Fasting glucose, g/dL	91±11	174±85*
Hemoglobin A1c, %	5.4±0.4	8.2±2.0*
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg	126±18	133±14
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg	77±10	78±10
Lipid lowering therapy, n (%)	6 (15%)	21 (47%)*
Metformin therapy, n (%)	0	27 (60%)*
Sulfonylureas, n (%)	0	10 (22%)*
Thiazolidinediones, n (%)	0	1 (2%)
Insulin therapy, n (%)	0	18 (40%)*
Antiplatelet therapy, n (%)	4 (10%)	16 (36%)*
ACE inhibitor or ARB therapy, n (%)	5 (12%)	22 (49%)*
Vascular function
Baseline brachial diameter, mm	4.13±0.76	4.41±0.75
Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, %	9.7±4.6	5.8±3.2*
Nitroglycerin-mediated dilation, %	15.6±7.7	10.7±5.9*
Reactive hyperemia, ml/min	903±298	892±318

^*P<0.05 by unpaired t test or chi square test.

Data are mean ± SD.

LDL=low density lipoprotein, HDL=high density lipoprotein, ACE=angiotensin-converting enzyme, ARB=angiotensin receptor blocker.