Figure 4. TNF-α blockade and bystander effect of HUVECs SASP.

A. Drawing showing the experimental design. Conditioned medium from senescent cells (SA-β-Gal > 50 %) was mixed with 1/3 of fresh medium (with 30 % serum) and used to treat young cells (SA-β-Gal < 5 %) for 2 weeks, with/without anti-TNF-α treatment. Conditioned medium from young cells was used as control. B. Percentage of SA-β-Gal positive cells after 2 week exposure to conditioned media, with/without anti-TNF-α treatment. C. and D. eNOS and p16/Ink4a expression in cells treated with conditioned medium, with/without anti-TNF-α treatment. Data expressed as fold change vs control cells. * Student's t test, p < 0.05. Data are mean ± S.D. of 3 independent experiments.