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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jul 16.
Published in final edited form as: Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2015 Jul 16;13(9):1089–1107. doi: 10.1586/14787210.2015.1064309

Figure 8. Bacillithiol-dependent methylglyoxal detoxification pathway in Bacillus subtilis.

Figure 8

Methylglyoxal can enter the cell via diffusion or can be formed intracellularly (i.e., from dihydroxyacetone phosphate, abbreviated DHAP). Bacillithiol and both glyoxalase A (GlxA) and glyoxylase B (GlxB) are utilized to convert methylglyoxal to D-lactate. Cytoplasmic acidification is mediated by the interplay of the KhtSTU pump with bacillithiol and S-lactoyl-bacillithiol.

Model from Chandrangsu et al. 2013 [67].