Figure 3.

V_m Synchrony between L2/3 and L5 Neurons Is Dependent on Behavioral State

(A) Example dual whole-cell recording from a L2/3 (red) and a L5 (blue) cortical neuron during digit movement (green).

(B) Mean cross-correlation for the example recording shown in (A), taking L5 as the reference, shows a higher correlation during quiet (Q) than digit movement (M).

(C) Example mean coherence spectrum from the example recording shown in (A) from Q and M periods.

(D) Population mean cross-correlation (n = 9 pairs) during Q and M periods.

(E) Significant reduction in the peak cross-correlation value in M compared to Q periods. Filled circles with error bars show mean ± SEM, lines show data from individual pairs.

(F) The peak time of the cross-correlation shows a positive lag indicating that L5 neurons are active before L2/3 neurons in Q and M periods.

(G) Population mean average of coherence spectrum during Q and M periods (n = 8 pairs).

(H) A significant reduction in coherence from Q to M periods in frequency band 1–5 Hz.

(I) Population V_m average of L2/3 (red) and L5 neurons (blue) centered on APs in L2/3 neurons during quiet (left, n = 8 pairs) and moving (right, n = 4 pairs) periods. Bottom, corresponding population L5 spike-time PSTHs.

(J) Same as (I) but for L5 spike-triggered averages with L2/3 PSTH below (n = 8 pairs).

(K) Quantification of the V_m rise time in L2/3 and L5 neurons between −22 ms and −2 ms before a (left) L2/3 AP and (right) L5 AP in quiet and moving periods. Filled circles show population mean with error bars showing mean ± SEM. Gray lines show values from individual cells.

For all panels, ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, and ^∗∗∗p < 0.001.