Table 1. Patient characteristics.
| Characteristic | n | CDS (%) | RT (%) | CDS + RT (%) | None (%) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year of diagnosis | ||||||
| 1988–1992 | 514 | 67 (15.7) | 288 (6.0) | 55 (6.5) | 104 (3.4) | <0.001 |
| 1993–1997 | 668 | 68 (16.0) | 406 (8.5) | 55 (6.5) | 139 (4.5) | |
| 1998–2002 | 1755 | 111 (26.1) | 898 (18.8) | 204 (24.1) | 542 (17.7) | |
| 2003–2007 | 2854 | 102 (23.9) | 1489 (31.1) | 258 (30.5) | 1005 (32.8) | |
| 2008–2012 | 3334 | 78 (18.3) | 1705 (35.6) | 275 (32.5) | 1276 (41.6) | |
| Race | ||||||
| Black | 1016 | 49 (11.5) | 645 (13.5) | 59 (7.0) | 263 (8.6) | <0.001 |
| White | 7621 | 356 (83.6) | 3832 (80.1) | 750 (88.5) | 2683 (87.5) | |
| Other | 488 | 21 (4.9) | 309 (6.5) | 38 (4.5) | 120 (3.9) | |
| Age | ||||||
| ≤60 | 3515 | 159 (37.3) | 1773 (37.0) | 419 (49.5) | 1164 (38.0) | <0.001 |
| >60 | 5610 | 267 (62.7) | 3013 (63.0) | 428 (50.5) | 1902 (62.0) | |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 7486 | 349 (81.9) | 3867 (80.8) | 736 (86.9) | 2534 (82.6) | <0.001 |
| Female | 1639 | 77 (18.1) | 919 (19.2) | 111 (13.1) | 532 (17.4) | |
| Tumor histology | ||||||
| Squamous | 2757 | 111 (26.1) | 1769 (37.0) | 207 (24.4) | 670 (21.9) | <0.001 |
| Adenocarcinoma | 5406 | 270 (63.4) | 2574 (53.8) | 543 (64.1) | 2019 (65.9) | |
| Other | 962 | 45 (10.6) | 443 (9.3) | 97 (11.5) | 377 (12.3) | |
| Tumor location | ||||||
| Upper thoracic | 483 | 8 (1.9) | 340 (7.1) | 27 (3.2) | 108 (3.5) | <0.001 |
| Middle thoracic | 1647 | 62 (14.6) | 1029 (21.5) | 110 (13.0) | 446 (14.5) | |
| Lower thoracic | 6995 | 356 (83.6) | 3417 (71.4) | 710 (83.8) | 2512 (81.9) | |
| Grade (n = 7653) | ||||||
| G1 | 270 | 14 (3.6) | 143 (3.6) | 24 (3.2) | 89 (3.5) | 0.271 |
| G2 | 2826 | 138 (35.8) | 1522 (38.0) | 287 (38.4) | 879 (34.9) | |
| G3-4 | 4557 | 234 (60.6) | 2339 (58.4) | 436 (58.4) | 1548 (61.5) | |
CDS, cancer-directed surgery; RT, radiotherapy; G1, well differentiated; G2, moderately differentiated; G3, poorly differentiated; G4, undifferentiated.