Figure 6. Topologically protected leaky-wave acoustic antenna.
Topological edge states (acoustic pressure) are robust also in the presence of radiative loss, enabling nonreciprocal leaky-wave radiation from a crystal edge into a surrounding water domain, both in the forward (a) and backward (b) directions, for two different frequencies. Interestingly, such an acoustic leaky-wave antenna may enable 100% efficiency, regardless of aperture truncation.