Table 3.

Observed pattern of cells in BAL samples during acute lung AR

Cell	BAL	Reference	Sensitivity	Specificity	Cut-off
Basophils	↑	[37, 38]
	↑ (rare)	[25]
Eosinophils	↑	[59] (experimental)
	↑	[27, 37, 38, 41, 43]
	↑ (rare)	[25]
	0	[32, 70]
	*	[42]
Neutrophils	↑	[32, 37–40]	74 %	82 %	≥12 %
	0	[42, 43]
Lymphocytes	↑	[47–49] (experimental)
	↑	[14, 25, 27, 32, 37, 38, 42, 50, 51]	64 % 65 % 40 %	77 % 92.5 % 96 %	≥15 % >20 % ≥20 %
	↑0	[40]
NK cells	↓	[25, 85]
B cells	↑ (rare)	[25]
	↑0	[85]
Monocytes	↓	[25]
Macrophages	↑	[47] (experimental)
	↓	[27, 32, 40–42, 50]

0, No correlation

↑, Increased

↑0, Increased, but statistically not relevant

↓, Decreased

*, Not detected

(rare), Rarely detected