Table 1.

Personal air concentration exposure to the inhalable fraction of dust, cobalt, and tungsten by department (mg m⁻³) (n = 72)

Department		n	AM	SD	GM	GSD	Range
Powder production	Dust	9	0.21	0.27	0.14	2.3	0.062–0.91
	Co	9	0.011	0.018	0.0043	4.5	0.00051–0.056
	W	9	0.11	0.18	0.050	3.8	0.0046–0.57
Pressing	Dust	27	0.11	0.19	0.072	2.1	<0.023–1.1
	Co	27	0.0014	0.00096	0.0012	1.8	0.00043–0.0043
	W	27	0.011	0.0073	0.0090	1.7	0.0037–0.036
Maintenance (pressing)	Dust	1	0.056
	Co	1	0.00085
	W	1	0.0061
Periphery grinding (shape)	Dust	11	0.054	0.017	0.051	1.4	0.026–0.087
	Co	11	0.00017	0.00012	0.00014	1.8	0.000065–0.00048
	W	11	0.0019	0.0011	0.0017	1.6	0.0010–0.0046
Periphery grinding (grade)	Dust	1	0.048
	Co	1	0.00056
	W	1	0.0061
Charging/decharging	Dust	6	0.053	0.019	0.050	1.4	0.030–0.084
	Co	6	0.00013	0.000072	0.00012	1.7	0.000056–0.00025
	W	6	0.00099	0.00034	0.00094	1.4	0.00066–0.0015
PVD furnace	Dust	3	1.1	1.7	0.32	6.9	0.092–3.0
	Co	3	0.0087	0.013	0.0032	5.7	0.0010–0.024
	W	3	0.039	0.055	0.017	4.8	0.0055–0.10
CVD furnace	Dust	2	0.056	0.034	0.050	1.9	0.032–0.080
	Co	2	0.00025	0.00022	0.00019	2.9	0.000088–0.00040
	W	2	0.0016	0.0012	0.0013	2.3	0.00075–0.0024
Process laboratory	Dust	6	0.12	0.022	0.12	1.2	0.095–0.15
	Co	6	0.0070	0.013	0.0020	5.2	0.00032–0.034
	W	6	0.015	0.013	0.0093	3.4	0.0017–0.035
Warehouse	Dust	2	0.11	0.0094	0.11	1.1	0.10–0.11
	Co	2	0.00018	0.000074	0.00017	1.5	0.00013–0.00023
	W	2	0.0015	0.00054	0.0014	1.5	0.0011–0.0019
Inspection	Dust	4	0.070	0.022	0.068	1.4	0.046–0.094
	Co	4	0.000066	0.000031	0.000060	1.7	0.000028–0.000093
	W	4	0.00055	0.00027	0.00050	1.7	0.00027–0.00090
Total	Dust	72	0.15	0.37	0.079	2.2	<0.023–3.0
	Co	72	0.0030	0.0083	0.00068	5.0	0.000028–0.056
	W	72	0.022	0.071	0.0056	4.5	0.00027–0.57

AM, arithmetic mean; GM, geometric mean; GSD, geometric standard deviation; n, number of measurements; SD, standard deviation; range, min–max.