Table 1. Cytotoxicity of T cells expressing anti-CD38-CAR against HTLV-1-transformed cells and ATL cells.

Cells	Percentage of CD38+ cells (%)	Overall cytotoxicity of anti-CD38-CAR T cells by LDH assay (%)	Percentage of CD38+ cells with ATRA (%)	Specific cytotoxicity of anti-CD38-CAR T cells against CD38+ cells with ATRA by FCM (%)	Overall cytotoxicity of anti-CD38-CAR T cells with ATRA by FCM (%)
MT-2	97.06±1.00	75.36±0.11	97.19±1.47	99.90±0.09	92.30±1.48
MT-4	2.91±0.31	4.97±1.18	97.81±0.36	98.61±0.12	97.92±0.33
S1T	0.01±0.01	0.73±0.34	81.34±1.35	96.98±0.09	81.08±1.12
Hut102	1.18±0.13	2.74±3.36	86.11±3.94	99.51±0.02	86.47±2.74
Su9T	0.05±0.04	1.61±1.49	0.04±0.03	ND	ND
ED	0.01±0.01	2.60±0.61	0.05±0.04	ND	ND
Patient 1	29.21±0.88	ND	58.81±1.24	99.84±0.22	58.70±1.11
Patient 2	5.24±0.89	ND	79.58±1.19	92.42±2.02	74.40±1.94
Patient 3	0.01±0.02	ND	0.04±0.01	ND	ND

Cells	Expression of CD38 (%)	Expression of CD38 with ATRA (%)	Expression of CD38 with IFN-α (%)	Expression of CD38 with ATRA and IFN-α (%)	Overall cytotoxicity of anti-CD38-CAR T cells with ATRA/IFN-α by FCM (%)
Patient 4	34.94±1.39	78.70±2.00	66.48±0.81	95.45±0.91	99.68±0.18
Patient 5	50.36±1.30	70.36±1.21	74.03±0.44	93.41±1.04	95.98±0.17
Patient 6	82.01±1.40	91.15±0.92	97.64±0.42	97.55±0.71	99.92±0.02

Abbreviations: ATL, adult T-cell leukemia; ATRA, all-trans retinoic acid; CAR, chimeric antigen receptor; FCM, flow cytometry; HTLV-1, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1; IFN-α, interferon-α LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; ND, not determined.

Results are the mean±s.d. for three experiments.

Specific cytotoxicity was evaluated by flow cytometry, following co-incubation of T cells bearing anti-CD38-CAR (E) with ATL cells (T) at an E:T ratio of 1:2 for 3 days.