Table 2.
Hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for all-cause mortality per SD greater baseline adiposity or muscle measure
| Age adjusted | Multivariablea | Multivariablea + BMI and muscle area | |
|---|---|---|---|
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.88 (0.71–1.10) | 0.88 (0.70–1.11) | – |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 1.01 (0.82–1.25) | 1.01 (0.80–1.28) | – |
| Calf total fat (mm2) | 1.01 (0.84–1.21) | 1.04 (0.85–1.26) | – |
| Calf subcutaneous fat (mm2) | 0.94 (0.76–1.16) | 0.94 (0.76–1.16) | 1.04 (0.78–1.39) |
| Calf intermuscular fat (mm2) | 1.21 (1.02–1.44)* | 1.20 (0.99–1.45) | 1.29 (1.06–1.57)* |
| Calf skeletal muscle density (mg/cm3)b | 1.36 (1.11–1.67)** | 1.30 (1.03–1.63)* | 1.37 (1.08–1.75)** |
| Calf muscle area (mm2) | 0.77 (0.61–0.98)* | 0.85 (0.65–1.09) | – |
Hazard ratios and P values were obtained with Cox proportional hazard models. Fully adjusted multivariable model n's for BMI, waist circumference, calf total fat, calf subcutaneous fat, and calf muscle area were 88 deaths and 1,435 survivors. n for calf intermuscular fat was 82 deaths and 1,413 survivors. n for calf muscle density was 72 deaths and 1,303 survivors.
aAdjusted for age, height, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, TV viewing time, health status, cancer, T2D, renal disease, stroke, myocardial infarction and hypertension.
bPer SD lower.
*P < 0.05.
**P < 0.01.