Table 1. Demographic characteristic of lung adenocarcinoma patients.

Variables	Lung adenocarcinoma patients (%)	Healthy controls (%)
Total No. of cases	100	100
Gender
Males	71	71
Females	29	29
Age (years)
≤55	56	56
>55	44	44
Mean ± SD age (years)	54.5±10.77 (range, 32–75)	55±10.82 (range, 30–70)
Smoking status
Non smoker	55	55
Smoker	45	45
Current smoker	24	24
Ex. smoker	21	21
Smoking type
Cigarette	18	18
Bidi	16	16
Hukka	11	11
Smoking level (pack year)
Mild (<10)	23
Moderate (≤40)	18
Heavy (>40)	4
TNM stage
Stage I	15
Stage II	15
Stage III	26
Stage IV	44
Distant metastases
Positive	44
Negative	56
Histopathological grade
Grade 1	24
Grade 2	41
Grade 3	35
Pleural effusion
Yes	15
No	85