TABLE 1 .

Summary of the relative metabolic differences in the blood serum of naive and S. Typhimurium-infected F₂ Gif^tm1a/tm1a and wild-type mice^a

Metabolite(s)	Chemical shift(s) (ppm)	Fold change(s)b
		Naive	Infected
Fatty acids	Several	↓−1.2	—, ↑1.4c
Putrescine-cadaverine	1.75, 3.04; 1.48, 3.80	—	↑
Glucose	3.24, 3.46, 3.52, 3.73; 3.83, 3.88, 5.22	↓−1.2	↓−1.3
Fucose	1.22, 1.25, 3.44, 3.60, 3.80, 5.25	—	↓−1.5
Acetate	1.93	↑	—
Alanine	1.49, 1.51, 3.81	↑	—
Taurine-betaine	3.27, 3.44; 3.25, 3.90	↑	↓−1.3, −2c
Citrate-aspartate	2.55, 2.67; 2.64, 2.70	↑1.2	—
Formate	8.47	↑	—
Glutamate-glutamine	(2.04, 2.12), (2.34, 2.39), 3.74; (2.00, 24.00, 2.48), 3.78	↓	—
Isoleucine	0.98, 1.01, 3.66	↓	—
Leucine	0.96, 1.72, 3.75	↓	↓−1.6
Methylmalonate	1.22, 3.18	↑1.3	↑1.2
Phenylacetylglycine	3.68, 3.76, 7.40	↑	↑
Valine	1.01, 1.06, 2.29, 3.61	—	↑
Adipate	1.56, 2.17	—	—, ↑1.6c
3-Hydroxybutyrate	1.21, (2.32, 2.42), 4.16	—	↓
Butyrate	0.89, 1.56, 2.15	—	↓
Lactate	1.34, 4.13	↑1.2	—
Pyruvate-succinate	2.39, 2.41	↑	—
Choline-phosphocholine- glycerophosphocholine	3.20, 3.21, 3.22	—	↑
Malate	(2.36, 2.42), (2.66, 2.70), 4.30	—	↑

^aFold change, >1.2; P < 0.05.

^bShown are fold (>1.2) and significant (P < 0.05) changes in metabolite levels in F₂ Gif^tm1a/tm1a and wild-type mice.

^cShown are fold (>1.2) and significant (P < 0.05) changes in metabolite levels in naive versus S. Typhimurium-infected F₂ Gif^tm1a/tm1a mice. Symbols: —, no significant fold change (>1.2); ↑  or ↓, relative increase or decrease in metabolites from PCA loading plots. These levels were estimated from relative intensities (median) of ¹H NMR spectra following spectral normalization.