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. 2016 Jun 22;6:27841. doi: 10.1038/srep27841

Figure 7. Phenotypic deformities and expression of genes involved in the chitin biosynthesis pathway after double stranded RNA (dsRNA) injection of Nilaparvata lugens fifth instar larvae for silencing three trehalase genes.

Figure 7

(A) Larval phenotypes after dsTRE1-1, dsTRE1-1, dsTRE2, and dsTREs injection. (B) Rate of insects with phenotypic deformities and mortality rates after dsTRE1-1, dsTRE1-1, dsTRE2, dsTREs, and dsGFP injection. (C) Rate of insects with three different types of phenotypic deformities after dsTRE1-1, dsTRE1-1, dsTRE2, dsTREs, and dsGFP injection. (D–M) Relative expression of genes involved in the chitin biosynthesis pathway at 48 h and 72 h after dsTRE1-1, dsTRE1-1, dsTRE2, dsTREs, and dsGFP injection detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Bars represent means. Error bars indicate one standard error of the mean. ‘*’ Indicates significant differences at p < 0.05, and ‘**’ Indicates significant differences at p < 0.01. Genes with different expression regulation are indicated by diamonds. Green fluorescence protein (GFP) was used as control.